Printed and Thin Film Transistors and Memory 2011-2021

Printed and Thin Film Transistors and Memory Market

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Printed and thin film transistor circuits will become a $4 billion market in 10 years, from just $2 million in 2011. They will drive lighting, displays, signage, electronic products, medical disposables, smart packaging, smart labels and much more besides. The chemical, plastics, printing, electronics and other industries are cooperating to make it happen. Already, over 500 organizations are developing printed transistors and memory, with first products being sold commercially in 2009.

The growth over the longer timescale, from 2011-2031, will be very similar to the early growth of the silicon chip market in the same interval. In other words, the twenty years from 1978 to 1998 saw a similar starting and finishing value of sales of silicon chips. History is repeating itself with the printed equivalent over the next twenty years, though not by taking much market share from silicon chips in the first fifteen years. Do not follow the herd into the well aired aspects of this subject. Gain advantage by understanding all the important aspects and opportunities.
Who should read this report
This report addresses two types of reader. Industrialists, investors and researchers with scientific training can read the report in the order presented. For the first time, they will see the big picture of what is happening and about to happen across the whole world in this subject. This includes the profiles, activities and intentions of 150 leading organizations in this field. We analyze and compare what is happening in 16 countries. Such information is not gathered in any other document. The report also gives the rapidly evolving choices of materials, device designs, chemistry and manufacturing processes for these devices – again a unique analysis. However, this report will also be useful for those with only a rudimentary understanding of science and engineering who seek to understand how the printed electronics revolution will greatly benefit society while creating billion dollar businesses and when and where this will happen.

We start with some descriptions appropriate for the beginner, opening up the subject with as little complexity and jargon as possible.
Forecasts and Applications
The report assesses the market and opportunity in different ways, such as forecasts by material type (organic vs inorganic), application (Display driver, RFID etc), flexible, printed and much more. However, the immediately accessible markets for printed transistors are commonly described as being back plane drivers for displays and use in RFID but that is misleading. We give the big picture – something not previously available – and also look at the impediments to successful commercialization of these components, in an honest and balanced appraisal. Forecasts are given for the next ten years and beyond.

All the Chemistries, Geometries and Processes
We cover the big picture – the full range of organic and inorganic chemistries that can be printed or thin film. Technical progress, companies and impediments are given, and their applications appraised. Detailed profiles of over 150 companies are given. Whether you intend to be a user, seller or researcher, consider the new InGaZnO semiconductors, the single layer geometry, the multi-function transistors, the printed silicon transistors and many other advances.
Progress by Territory
Understand the enormous amount of work going on in Korea, Japan, Taiwan, the USA, Germany and the UK. See why no printing technology is ideal and what comes next. Although the press talks of transistors only working at the lower frequencies and modest memory capability in printed form, some of these devices work at terahertz frequency and some promise a gigabyte on a postage stamp for only a few cents and progress with ISO-capable printed RFID tags.

There is much more to printed electronics than commonly appears in press reports and research papers. This is a huge revolution impacting most aspects of human endeavor. Billion dollar suppliers will be created and even the smallest organizations involved are already signing deals with some of the largest – there is room for everyone.

Those thinking that this is all about organic electronics are boxing themselves into a corner. Those that think that printed transistors and memory are being developed by the few companies often mentioned in the press are missing the work at over 150 organizations, most of it very exciting indeed. The companies are distributed as follows.

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Importance of printed and potentially printed electronics
1.1.2. Awesome new capability creates new markets
1.1.3. This is the new printing before it is the new electronics
1.1.4. Importance of flexibility, light weight and low cost
1.1.5. Creating radically new products
1.1.6. Improving existing products
1.2. How printed electronics is being applied
1.3. Importance of printed and thin film transistors and memory
1.3.1. Vision for the future
1.3.2. Benefits of thin film transistors and memory
1.4. Transistor basics and value chain
1.4.1. How a transistor works
1.4.2. TFTC value chain
1.5. Transistor geometry and parameters
1.5.1. Conventional geometry – horizontal transistors
1.5.2. New vertical geometry – vertical VFETs
1.5.3. New geometry – single layer transistors Plastic E Print
1.5.4. On off ratio and leakage current
1.5.5. Frequency, carrier mobility and channel length
1.6. Choice of materials for these transistors
1.6.1. The thin film transistors on the back of today’s LCD TV – a dead end?
1.6.2. Organic vs inorganic materials
1.7. Choice of semiconductor
1.7.2. Organic semiconductors
1.7.3. Crystalline Silicon is a dead end?
1.7.4. Compound inorganic semiconductors
1.7.5. Breakthrough in printed inorganic performance in from Kovio
1.7.6. CMOS and the n type difficulty
1.7.7. Ambipolar semiconductors
1.7.8. Carbon nanotubes as thin film semiconductors
1.7.9. Importance of the dielectric layer
1.7.10. Importance of codeposition
1.7.11. Memory basics and value chain
1.8. Substrates
1.8.1. High temperature and protective substrates vs low cost flexible
1.8.2. Polymers
1.8.3. Paper
1.9. Printing processes
1.9.1. Requirements
1.9.2. Ink jet vs fast reel to reel printing
1.9.3. Transfer printing of single crystals
1.9.4. 3D printed silicon transistors, Japan
2. ORGANIC TRANSISTORS AND MEMORY – DEVELOPMENTS
2.1. History and prospective benefits
2.2. RFID labels at Holst Centre
2.3. RFID labels from Poly IC
2.4. Lowest performance, lowest cost – ACREO
2.5. Organic dielectrics and ferroelectrics
2.6. High permittivity organic transistor gates by ionic drift
3. INORGANIC COMPOUND TRANSISTORS – DEVELOPMENTS
3.1. History and summary of potential benefits
3.2. Semiconductors
3.2.1. Zinc oxide based transistor semiconductors
3.2.2. Amorphous InGaZnO
3.2.3. Progress towards p-type metal oxide semiconductors
3.2.4. Transfer printing silicon, GaN and GaAs on film
3.2.5. Tin disulphide
3.3. Inorganic dielectrics in devices
3.3.1. Solution processed barium titanate nanocomposite
3.3.2. Hafnium oxide and HafSOx
3.3.3. Hybrid inorganic dielectrics – zirconia
3.3.4. Aluminium, lanthanum, tantalum and other oxides
3.3.5. Arizona State University’s Flexible Display Center (FDC) and the University of Texas at Dallas
3.4. Chromium based technology
3.4.1. Printed oxide transistors at Oregon State University
3.5. Silicon nanoparticle ink
3.5.1. Kovio
3.6. Printing aSi reel to reel
3.7. High-Mobility Ambipolar Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Transistors
3.8. Research on molybdenmnite at EPFL Lausanne
3.9. Do organic transistors have a future?
4. TECHNOLOGY AND SUPPLIERS – LARGE MEMORY
4.1. Types of memory
4.2. Big difference in making small vs large memory
4.3. Strategy of various developers of thin film and printed memory
4.3.2. Thin Film Electronics TFE memory
5. TECHNOLOGY AND SUPPLIERS -CONDUCTORS
5.1. Organic vs inorganic conductors
5.2. Organic conductors
5.3. Inorganic conductors
5.3.2. Comparison of metal options
5.3.3. Polymer – metal suspensions
5.3.4. Silver solution
5.4. Progress with new conductive ink chemistries and cure processes
5.4.1. Graphene hybrid technology
5.5. Carbon nanotubes
5.6. Carbon Nanotubes and printed electronics
5.7. Developers of Carbon Nanotubes for Printed Electronics
6. MARKETS 2011-2021
6.1. Forecasts 2011-2021
6.2. Assumptions for our forecasts
6.3. Split between backplane, RFID and other applications to 2021
6.4. Size of relevant markets that are impacted
6.5. Potential for non-RFID electronic labels
6.6. Potential for RFID labels 2011-2021
6.7. Market for RFID
6.7.2. Ultimate potential for highest volume RFID
6.7.3. Penetration of chipless RFID
6.8. Impact on silicon
6.9. Forecasts for materials
6.10. Backplane transistor arrays hold up AMOLED market penetration
6.11. Impediments to the commercialisation of printed transistors and memory
7. COMPARISON OF ORGANISATIONS INVOLVED IN TFTCS AND THEIR MATERIALS
7.1. Semiconductor, process, geometry, targets, challenges and objectives for 80 organisations in printed and thin film transistors and/ or memory
7.2. Profiles of 45 organisations in printed and thin film transistors and/ or memory
7.2.1. ACREO
7.2.2. AU Optoelectronics
7.2.3. BASF
7.2.4. Canon
7.2.5. CEA Liten
7.2.6. DaiNippon Printing
7.2.7. Dow Chemical
7.2.8. Ecole Superiure des Mines Saint Etienne
7.2.9. ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute)
7.2.10. Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems
7.2.11. Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration
7.2.12. Fujitsu
7.2.13. Heraeus (formerly H.C.Starck)
7.2.14. Hewlett Packard
7.2.15. Hitachi
7.2.16. Impika
7.2.17. Industrial Technology Research Institute
7.2.18. Institute of Microelectronics
7.2.19. International University of Bremen
7.2.20. Japan Science and Technology Agency
7.2.21. Korea Electronics Technology Institute
7.2.22. Korea Institute of Science and Technology
7.2.23. Kovio
7.2.24. Kyung Hee University
7.2.25. Matsushita
7.2.26. Merck Chemicals
7.2.27. NHK
7.2.28. Oregon State University
7.2.29. Palo Alto Research Center
7.2.30. Paru
7.2.31. Plastic Logic
7.2.32. Poly IC
7.2.33. PragmatIC Printing (formerly ePrint)
7.2.34. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology SAIT
7.2.35. Semiconductor Energy Laboratory
7.2.36. Sony
7.2.37. Sunchon National University
7.2.38. Thin Film Electronics
7.2.39. Tohoku University
7.2.40. Tokyo Institute of Technology
7.2.41. Toppan Printing
7.2.42. University of California Los Angeles
7.2.43. University of Cambridge
7.2.44. University of Tokyo
7.2.45. Xerox
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX 1: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY
TABLES
1.1. Envisaged benefits of TFTCs in RFID and other low-cost applications when compared with envisaged silicon chips
1.2. Typical carrier mobility in different potential TFTC semiconductors (actual and envisaged)
1.3. Properties of the Polyera/ BASF n type printing ink for organic field effect transistors consisting of N,N Dioctyl-dicyanoperylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboxyamide), PD18-CN2
2.1. Printable polymer transistor dielectric PE-DI-1900 from BASF and Polyera
3.1. A summary of the promised benefits of polymer ink used in pilot production of organic transistors vs two thin film inorganic semiconductors for transistors vs nanosilicon ink
3.2. Some properties of new thin film dielectrics
3.3. Benefits and challenges of R2R
3.4. Imprint lithography
4.1. Some of the small group of contestants for large capacity printed memory
5.1. Benefits and challenges of organic vs inorganic conductors for printed and thin film transistors, memory and their interconnects.
5.2. Conductance in ohms per square for the different printable conductive materials compared with bulk metal
5.3. Examples of ink suppliers progressing printed RFID antennas etc
5.4. Some companies progressing ink jettable conductors
5.5. Comparison of metal etch (e.g. copper and aluminium) conductor choices
5.6. Electroless metal plate – Additive print process with weakly conductive ink (e.g. plastics or carbon) followed by wet metal plating
5.7. Electro metal plate – Additive print process with weakly conductive ink (e.g. plastics or carbon) followed by dry metal plating
5.8. Printable metallic conductors cure at LT e.g. silver based ink
5.9. A typical process cost comparison for RFID antennas
5.10. Possibilities for various new printed conductors.
5.11. Charge carrier mobility of carbon nanotubes compared with alternatives
5.12. Developers of Carbon Nanotubes for Printed Electronics
6.1. Global market for printed electronics logic and memory 2011-2021 in billions of dollars, with % printed and % flexible
6.2. Primary assumptions of organic electronics in full production 2007 to 2025
6.3. Global electronics industry by application
6.4. End user markets relevant to printed electronics
6.5. Global semiconductor shipments monthly and three month average 1983 to 2005
6.6. Statistics for electronic labels and their potential locations
6.7. Number (in millions) of passive tags by application 2011-2021
6.8. Value of passive tags by application 2011-2021 (US Dollar Millions)
6.9. Choices of digital chipless RFID technologies
6.10. Chipless versus Chip RFID, in numbers of units (billions) 2011-2021 (includes passive and active RFID)
6.11. Market size of a variety of chipless solutions, US$ millions
6.12. Scope for printed TFTCs to create new markets or replace silicon chips
6.13. Market for printed and potentially printed electronic devices 2011-2021 in billions of dollars
6.14. Printed electronics materials and other elements of device income 2011-2021 in billions of dollars
7.1. Objectives and challenges of 80 organisations developing printed and potentially printed transistor and/ or memory circuits and/or their materials
7.2. Objectives and challenges of 23 organizations developing inks and their materials for printed and potentially printed transistors and memory
7.3. 42 organisations that developing TFTCs and their materials and their priorities for products to be sold
FIGURES
1.1. Growth in sales of silicon chips by value compared with growth in sales of printed and thin film electronic components.
1.2. Examples of the radically new capabilities of printed electronics.
1.3. Types of early win and longer term project involving printed electronics 1995-2025
1.4. Logic circuits printed by PolyIC in Germany using a reel to reel process
1.5. How printed electronics is being applied to products
1.6. Printed Electronics Applications
1.7. Plastic film scanner
1.8. The value chain for manufacturing of printed electronics
1.9. Value chain for TFTCs and examples of migration of activity for players
1.10. Traditional geometry for a field effect transistor
1.11. Vertical organic field effect transistor VOFET showing a short channel length and a large cross section for current flow. The substrate is shown at the bottom.
1.12. ORFID view of the problems of the traditional horizontal transistor
1.13. Examples of vertical transistors
1.14. ORFID VOFET approach
1.15. The Plastic E print process
1.16. Structure of SSD diode and device operation
1.17. Principle of self aligned printing by Plastic Logic
1.18. Prevalence of organic vs inorganic materials in printed and thin film electronics today
1.19. PEDOT:PSS
1.20. Motorola summary of thin film FET issues concerning the dielectric layer .
1.21. Motorola view of available gate materials
1.22. The simple capacitor like structure for many printed devices including memory
1.23. Choices of substrate for printed electronics
1.24. Change in stiffness of PET vs PEN substrate material with temperature.
1.25. Biaxially oriented crystalline film
1.26. Factors influencing film choice- property set
1.27. Some candidate materials for flexible substrates
1.28. Requirements in printing thin film transistors
1.29. The big picture for printing transistors and memory in ever increasing numbers
1.30. Reel to reel printing of transistors and complete RFID labels by Poly IC
1.31. Options for high speed, low-cost printing of TFTCs
1.32. Choice of printing technology for silver RFID antennas today, where Omron and Avery Dennison use gravure despite volumes being no more than hundreds of millions.
1.33. Performance improvement in thermal ink jet over the years.
1.34. Benefits of ink jet printing of electronics
1.35. Thermal ink jet printed transistor evolution
1.36. Hybrid process improves performance
1.37. Transfer printed GaAs FETs on PET
1.38. Semprius opportunity space
1.39. Seiko Epson 3D printed silicon transistor
2.1. 64-bit organic transponder chip based on dual-gate thin-film-transistor technology, achieving 4.3kb/s data rate.
2.2. Holst Centre’s 128 bit RFID transponder on plastic film.
2.3. ACREO technology platform
2.4. Components of the ACREO low functionality approach to transistors
2.5. ACREO electrochemical transistors
2.6. Electrochemical components electrical effects
2.7. ACREO electrochemical transistors
2.8. ACREO objectives for electrochemical transistor circuits
2.9. ACREO electrochemical timer transistor
2.10. ACREO matrix addressed display.
2.11. Interactive games printed on paper
2.12. Concept demonstrator integrating printed electrochemical components and its patented “Dry Phase Patterning” of metal conductors.
2.13. ACREO applicational ideas
2.14. Transistor structure used
2.15. Ion modulation
3.1. Early Hewlett Packard work on ink jet printing of inorganic compound semiconductors
3.2. Printed flexible inorganic semiconductor
3.3. Transparent transistor
3.4. Material choices for transparent transistors
3.5. Amorphous thin film inorganic dielectric
3.6. Example of ZnO based transistor circuit that is transparent.
3.7. Using a nanolaminate as an e-platform
3.8. TEM images of solution processed nanolaminates
3.9. Cross-sectional schematic view of an amorphous oxide TFT
3.10. Transparent and flexible active matrix backplanes fabricated on PEN films
3.11. Semprius transfer printing
3.12. Motorola high permittivity printable OFET dielectric using a barium titanate organic nanocomposite.
3.13. Hybrid organic-inorganic transistor and right dual dielectric transistor
3.14. Motorola high permittivity printable OFET dielectric using a barium titanate organic nanocomposite.
3.15. Motorola results – the nanotechnology used
3.16. Lower operating voltage
3.17. NHK transistor on polycarbonate film with tantalum oxide gate.
3.18. Solution-based activities and capabilities
3.19. Printing inorganic films
3.20. Aqueous processing of oxides
3.21. Examples of the challenges
3.22. A typical test transistor with HafSOx dielectric
3.23. Performance of Kovio’s ink versus others by mobility
3.24. Road map
3.25. The web rolled on the core is its own clean room
3.26. Basic Imprint Lithography Process
3.27. Molybdenite based transistor geometry
4.1. An all-organic permanent memory transistor
4.2. TFE memory compared with the much more complex DRAM in silicon
4.3. Structure of TFE memory
4.4. TFE priorities for commercialisation of mega memory
5.1. InkTec soluble silver inks. Left: Transparent Electronic Ink. Right: Transparent Inkjet Inks
5.2. Patterning using InkTec ink
5.3. Typical SEM images of CU flake C1 6000F. Copper flake
5.4. Properties and morphology of single walled carbon nanotubes
5.5. Nanotube shrink-wrap from Unidym
6.1. Transistors – first significant commercial product in 2011
6.2. Sales of printed and potentially printed transistors and memory by application in 2011
6.3. Sales of printed and potentially printed transistors and memory by application in 2016
6.4. Sales of printed and potentially printed transistors and memory by application in 2021
6.5. Potential, in billions yearly, for global sales of RFID labels and circuits printed directly onto products or packaging. Item level is shown in red. These are examples.
6.6. Market for printed and potentially printed electronic devices by chemistry of key element 2011-2021 in billions of dollars
6.7. Printed electronics materials and other elements of device income 2011-2021
6.8. Current options and challenges for backplane TFTs
7.1. Fujitsu “electronic paper” display
7.2. Researchers and users play major roles with active logistic support from JST
7.3. High Mobility OTFT
7.4. Summary and Conclusion
7.5. PARC have developed innovative displays
7.6. Materials and devices. Fully printed RFID tag in development.
7.7. Fully printed EAS (anti theft) tag shown on website.
7.8. Prototype HF tag and reader
7.9. Left is diode logic OR gate and the right is a bridge rectifier
7.10. Micrograph of an SSD array and the 110 GHz microwave measurement setup
7.11. Samsung OLED display
7.12. A circuit by Associate Professor Zhenan Bao.

Publisher >> IDTechEx
Report Category: Consumer Electronics

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Car Traction Batteries – the New Gold Rush 2011-2021

Car Traction Batteries Market

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This report is intended for industrialists, investors, market researchers, legislators and others interested in the large new market now being created for batteries that propel hybrid and pure electric cars along the road. It will also inform those studying associated technology and industrial and government initiatives and legislation. The report is suitable for the non technical reader, with introductory appendices and glossary for those new to the subject. However, there are many comparison graphs, tables and sections concerning technical aspects, so those with appropriate technical training will find much to interest them as well.

Few markets have ignored the global financial meltdown and continued to grow extremely rapidly. Car traction batteries are one of these, so it is not surprising that they are referred to as the new gold rush. It is now powered by huge government and corporate investment and a flood of exciting new models of electric car.

One way of prospering in a gold rush is to "get there first and sell shovels" and, in this report, we do cover the supply of key materials, such as lithium and lanthanum, for the new types of battery that are rapidly being adopted. We also compare the different options of chemistry and construction and the nanotechnology and other materials skills being brought to bear. These are the shovels. However, the main emphasis in this report is on detailed forecasting by application, region etc of both the new cars and the batteries that go in them, including prices and numbers. There are also detailed profiles of over 50 organisations and their alliances involved in these batteries. Many are putting down the "entry fee" of one billion dollars to have a chance of being a world leader in traction batteries for cars.

This report leads you to commercial success. It is the only up to date, comprehensive reference book on car traction batteries worldwide. Researched by a team that has been studying the market for ten years, the report is frequently updated because the subject is moving so fast. You will therefore get the very latest version when you place your order. Indeed, in addition, we provide one hour of free consultancy by phone or email to answer any further questions after you have read the report. It is a sister publication to the popular IDTechEx report "Hybrid and Pure Electric Cars 2011-2021″ and other reports on batteries for portable devices, thin film batteries and so on.

The market for car traction batteries will be over $54 billion in 2021. How do we get there? Who will be the leading supplier? Who has the best chemistry and the largest financial commitment? Who has the largest amount of appropriate experience and who has their batteries designed into what new cars? What small companies would be interesting acquisitions and what are the objectives of the giant corporations entering part of this value chain for the first time? It is all here, pulled together with summary tables, graphs and illustrations and no equations. This is a high stakes game that will be key to saving the planet and the car industry and those hit by dependence on declining oil reserves. Appropriately, it has been said that, "In future, the battery is the car". The winning supplier will create a new, highly profitable ten billion dollar activity and there will be many prospering niche players and materials and technology suppliers.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1. Total car traction battery market value 2011-2021
1.2. The market for traction batteries for new cars
1.3. Cells – modules – battery packs
1.4. Replacement car traction battery pack market 2010-2020
1.5. Fuel cells
1.6. Traction batteries today
1.7. How to improve lithium car traction batteries
1.8. Expected car traction battery improvement 2009-2020
1.9. Other potential winners
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1. Success with other EVs
2.2. Sad history of on-road electric cars then a tipping point
2.2.1. Why on-road cars are so very different
2.2.2. Dramatic tipping point in 2009 – the market comes alive
2.2.3. Consumer acceptance of the latest hybrids
2.2.4. Rapid recent progress with pure electric vehicles
2.3. The ideal car traction battery
2.3.1. All hybrids
2.3.2. Mild hybrids
2.3.3. Plug in hybrids
2.3.4. Pure electric vehicles
2.3.5. Recent progress
2.4. Traction battery achievements and problems so far
2.4.1. Batteries for the best seller – the Prius hybrid
2.4.2. China resurgent
2.4.3. Specifications
2.4.4. Changfeng hybrid
2.4.5. Bright Automotive hybrid
2.4.6. Chevrolet Volt hybrid
2.4.7. Pure electric family cars – the race for range
2.4.8. New Power of China pure electric
2.4.9. BYD of China pure electric and hybrid
2.4.10. Tesla pure electric
2.4.11. Lightning pure electric
2.4.12. Subaru Stella pure electric
2.4.13. Nissan Leaf
2.5. Design considerations
2.5.1. Future evolution of hybrids and pure electric cars
2.5.2. Battery performance over time – battery life
2.5.3. Battery state of charge
2.5.4. Depth of discharge affects life
2.5.5. Capacity rating
2.5.6. Daily depth of discharge
2.5.7. Charging and discharging rates
2.5.8. Plug in requirements align with pure electric cars
2.5.9. Hybrids need power and pure electrics need capacity – for now
2.5.10. Parallel hybrids differ
2.5.11. Plug in hybrids try to be the best of both worlds
2.5.12. Watt hours per mile
2.5.13. Charging rates
2.5.14. Custom packaging
2.6. Charging infrastructure
2.6.1. Need for standard connection
2.6.2. Need for widespread charging infrastructure
2.6.3. Battery changing as an alternative, Volt, e-Smart, Bee
2.7. Government support
2.7.1. The Chinese billions
2.7.2. The Obama billions
3. CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND ELECTRICAL OPTIONS COMPARED
3.1. Comparison of electrochemical options
3.1.1. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density
3.1.2. Supercapacitors can help
3.1.3. Lithium challenges
3.1.4. Lead acid is simple
3.1.5. Needs
3.2. Lead acid improvement
3.2.1. Bipolar lead acid
3.2.2. Nickel metal hydride
3.2.3. Sodium
3.2.4. Zinc air
3.2.5. The many lithium options
3.2.6. Lithium polymer electrolyte now important
3.2.7. Genuinely Solid State Traction Batteries
3.3. Department of Energy evaluation
3.4. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization evaluation
3.5. How to improve lithium-ion batteries
3.5.1. View of US Department of Energy panel of experts
3.5.2. Improving the charge-discharge speed of lithium-ion batteries
3.5.3. Improving life
3.6. Intrinsically safe lithium-ion batteries
3.6.1. Intrinsically safe against fire
3.6.2. Intrinsically safe against over charging
3.6.3. Trends in energy storage vs battery pack voltage
3.7. Supercabatteries
3.7.1. Lead carbon
3.8. Materials vulnerable to price hikes
3.8.1. Lithium
3.8.2. Lanthanum
4. PROGRESS WITH NEW GENERATION LITHIUM TRACTION BATTERIES
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Lithium manganese
4.3. Lithium iron phosphate
4.3.1. Recharging breakthrough
4.4. Lithium air and lithium metal
4.5. Lithium sulfur
4.5.1. Other challenges
5. SAFETY OPTIONS
5.1. Preventing explosion or fire
5.2. Preventing radiation
5.3. Electric shock
5.4. Poisonous gas
6. PROFILES OF 41 DEVELOPERS AND PRODUCERS
6.1. A123Systems USA with GE USA and Fisker
6.1.1. GE has its own battery plant
6.2. Advanced Battery Technologies (ABAT) China
6.3. Altair Nanotechnologies (Altairnano) USA
6.4. Automotive Energy Supply Japan, NEC, Nissan
6.5. Axeon UK
6.6. BASF Germany and Sion Power USA
6.6.1. BASF licenses Argonne Lab's cathode material
6.7. Blue Energy, Lithium Energy Japan – GS Yuasa Japan with Honda, Mitsubishi
6.8. Bollor France and Pininfarina
6.9. BYD China with Volkswagen etc
6.9.1. Volkswagen
6.9.2. Car superlatives
6.9.3. Plans for the USA
6.10. China BAK in China
6.11. Coda Battery Systems, Lio Energy Systems, Yardney USA, Tianjin Lishen China
6.12. Continental Germany and ENAX Japan
6.13. East Penn Manufacturing Corporation
6.14. Electrovaya Canada
6.15. EnerDel USA and Nissan
6.15.1. US DOE grant
6.15.2. Impressive production facility
6.15.3. Fireproof lithium
6.15.4. Link with Nissan
6.16. Enerize USA and Fife Batteries UK
6.17. Envia Systems USA
6.18. Evonik Industries Germany and Daimler
6.19. Furukawa Battery Japan
6.20. Hitachi Japan
6.21. IBM and National laboratories USA
6.22. Inci Holding Turkey
6.23. KD Advanced Battery Group Dow USA Kokam Korea
6.24. LG Chem Korea with Compact Power, GM etc
6.24.1. US DOE grant
6.25. LiFeBATT Taiwan
6.26. Lithium Technology Corporation/GAIA USA
6.27. MAGNA STEYR AG & Co KG
6.28. Mitsubishi Japan with Sumitomo Japan
6.29. Next Alternative Germany, Micro Bubble Technology Korea
6.30. Panasonic EV Energy, Sanyo Japan with Toyota, Volkswagen
6.30.1. 112 billion dollar merger
6.30.2. Panasonic EV Energy
6.30.3. Toyota demand
6.30.4. NiMH leadership, potential lithium leadership
6.31. Planar Energy Devices
6.32. PolyPlus Battery USA
6.33. PowerGenix USA
6.34. ReVolt Technologies Ltd Switzerland
6.35. Saft France, Johnson Controls USA, with Ford, BMW, Daimler
6.35.1. Saft
6.35.2. Johnson Controls
6.35.3. Joint venture
6.36. Sakti3 USA and General Motors
6.37. SB LiMotive Co. Ltd – Samsung Korea with Bosch Germany
6.38. Sony Japan
6.39. Superlattice Power USA
6.40. Toshiba Japan
6.41. Valence Technologies USA
7. MARKET FORECASTS FOR HYBRID AND PURE ELECTRIC CARS 2009-2019
7.1. Car production
7.2. Cars and crude oil
7.2.1. Technical progress
7.3. Hybrid cars
7.3.1. History of hybrid car sales
7.4. Forecasts 2009-2019
7.5. Pure EVs
7.5.1. Total market
7.5.2. Will sales of pure electric cars overtake hybrids?
7.5.3. Market excluding golf cars
7.5.4. Golf cars
7.5.5. Fuel cell EVs
8. MARKET FORECASTS FOR TRACTION BATTERIES FOR CARS
8.1. Overview car traction battery market 2010-2020
8.2. Replacement car traction battery market 2010-2020
8.3. Total car traction battery market 2010-2020
8.4. Historical background statistics
8.5. NEV market
8.6. Technology trends
8.6.1. Nickel metal hydride vs lithium
8.6.2. Nanobattery trends
8.7. Car traction battery performance 2009-2020
APPENDIX 1: GLOSSARY
APPENDIX 2: INTRODUCTION TO BATTERIES
APPENDIX 3: INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCAPACITORS
APPENDIX 4: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY
TABLES
1.1. Projection of electric car battery packs (based on one per vehicle) number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011-2021, rounded
1.2. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery pack sales in $ billion 2010-2020
1.3. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units, ex factory price and value 2010-2020
1.4. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million 2010-2020
1.5. How to reduce the cost and increase the performance of lithium car traction batteries.
1.6. Improvement in cost and performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicle traction battery packs 2009-2020
1.7. Links between Japanese and Korean car manufacturers and lithium traction battery manufacturers in 2010
1.8. Links between European car manufacturers and lithium traction battery manufacturers in 2010
1.9. Links between US and other car manufacturers and lithium traction battery manufacturers.
2.1. Prius NiMH traction battery evolution
2.2. Applicants to accelerate the manufacturing and deployment of the next generation of US batteries and electric vehicles
3.1. Properties of metals used in metal air batteries
3.2. Examples of energy density figures for batteries, supercapacitors and other energy sources
3.3. Comparison of lead acid and lithium traction batteries in cars
3.4. How to reduce the cost and increase the performance of lithium car traction batteries.
4.1. Typical lithium iron phosphate traction battery
6.1. GS Yuasa Corporation consolidated financial highlights (in billions of yen unless specified)
6.2. BYD financials
7.1. Crude oil prices 2003-2008 $/barrel
7.2. Global oil reserves, production and life
7.3. Global sales of EV cars, including hybrids, pure EVs (including golf cars), total in thousands of units and ones that can be plugged in 2009-2019
7.4. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in value ex-factory $ billion 2009-2019
7.5. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
7.6. Prius US sales in units 2000-2008
7.7. Estimates for historical global hybrid car sales in units by territory with % of whole.
7.8. Prius US sales in number and percent of US hybrid market
7.9. IDTechEx projection for global hybrid car sales by territory 2009-2019 in units and %.
7.10. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally, market share and market drivers
7.11. IDTechEx projection for global hybrid car sales 2009-2019 in units , ex works price and total value.
7.12. IDTechEx projections for global hybrid car sales units as % of total car sales 2009-2025
7.13. Approximate number of hybrid models actual and planned by year 2000 to 2013
7.14. Global pure EV car sales 2009-2019 in thousands of units
7.15. Global pure electric car sales 2009-2019 excluding golf cars and cumulative number of new models
7.16. Global pure EV golf car sales 2009-2019
7.17. Fuel cell EVs compared with battery pure EVs and ICE hybrids
8.1. Market forecasts for traction batteries for new cars in units, ex factory price and value 2010-2020 and dominant technology
8.2. Replacement market for car traction batteries in value $ million 2010-2020
8.3. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery sales in $ billion 2009-2020
8.4. Improvement in cost and performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicle lithium traction battery packs 2009-2020
FIGURES
1.1. Projection of electric car battery packs number thousands, 2011-2021, rounded
1.2. Projection of electric car battery packs ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars, 2011-2021, rounded
1.3. Projection of electric car battery packs total value in billions of dollars 2011-2021, rounded
1.4. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery pack sales in $ billion 2010-2020
1.5. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units 2010-2020
1.6. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars ex factory price 2010-2020
1.7. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars value 2010-2020
1.8. Comparison of cells, modules and battery packs.
1.9. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million 2010-2020
1.10. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars showing the convergence of hybrid and a pure electric technologies.
1.11. Prototype gas turbine suitable as range extender
1.12. Traction battery pack nominal energy storage vs battery pack voltage for mild hybrids in red, plug on hybrids in blue and pure electric cars in green
1.13. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density of batteries used in vehicles.
2.1. Series parallel hybrid by Pieper of Belgium in 1899 – principle of today's best selling hybrid the Toyota Prius
2.2. Toyota Prius NiMH traction battery
2.3. Toyota Highlander Hybrid Battery
2.4. Changfeng CS7
2.5. Zhong Tai pure electric car by New Power of China
2.6. The BYD E6 pure electric car
2.7. Tesla Motors Roadster pure electric performance car
2.8. Tesla battery pack with coolant tubes at bottom.
2.9. The Lighting pure electric sports car
2.10. Subaru Stella pure electric vehicle
2.11. The planned Nissan Leaf pure electric car
2.12. Nissan leaf lithium traction batteries
2.13. Nissan Leaf charging points
2.14. Nissan Leaf dashboard
2.15. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars showing the convergence of hybrid and a pure electric technologies
2.16. Frazer Nash Namir
2.17. Battery specification based on end of life
2.18. Car traction battery operating requirements compared
2.19. Example of a proposed SAE J1772 charging interface for cars
2.20. Toyota Prius being charged
2.21. Chevrolet Volt
2.22. Electric Smart car
2.23. Bee's Bee. One four-seater compact car with fast change battery
3.1. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density of batteries used in vehicles.
3.2. Energy density vs power density for storage devices
3.3. ReVolt comparison of battery parameters with zinc air
3.4. Properties of various lithium technologies for traction batteries compared to zinc air
3.5. LiFeBATT 40138 Cell
3.6. Traction battery nominal energy storage vs battery pack voltage for mild hybrids in red, plug on hybrids in blue and pure electric cars in green
4.1. Future improvement in power and energy density
4.2. Subaru lithium ion manganese battery
4.3. Mitsubishi lithium-ion batteries for cars
4.4. In wheel system of Mitsubishi
4.5. Improved lithium phosphate cathode material in a Petri dish
4.6. Lithium air batteries
4.7. Li-S Cell Configuration
4.8. Ragone plots for different rechargeable systems
4.9. Active Materials Transformation Diagram
4.10. Prototype lithium sulfur battery by Sion Power
5.1. A typical gasoline fire
5.2. Laptop fires caused by lithium cobalt batteries
5.3. Gasoline powered car after an explosion
6.1. Geographical distribution of 50 profiled on-road car traction battery and technology suppliers and aspiring suppliers excluding companies that are primarily car manufacturers
6.2. Chevrolet Volt lithium-ion battery
6.3. Chrysler electric minivan
6.4. Altairnano view of some of the primary performance advantages of its lithium traction batteries
6.5. Pininfarina Bollor B0 electric car powered by Bollor lithium polymer batteries
6.6. LEV electric car by Qingyuan Motors
6.7. Continental lithium ion traction battery
6.8. Safety testing of Continental lithium ion traction batteries.
6.9. East Penn lead acid battery for golf cars
6.10. Hummer H3 ReEV Lithium Ion SuperPolymer battery pack made by Electrovaya.
6.11. Enerdel traction battery
6.12. Furukawa Cycle-service storage battery for Golf Cars
6.13. 25Ah lithium-ion battery cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
6.14. Smith electric vehicle
6.15. LiFeBatt manufacture
6.16. Figure Magna Steyr traction battery pack capability
6.17. Magna Steyr energy battery for pure electric and plug in hybrid cars
6.18. Magna Steyr power battery for hybrid cars
6.19. Toshiba e-bike battery
7.1. Global bicycle and car production millions
7.2. US oil production and imports
7.3. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in numbers 2009-2019
7.4. Global sales of EV cars, hybrids, pure EVs and total in value ex-factory $ billion 2009-2019
7.5. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
7.6. US hybrid sales by month showing sharp drop in 2008 and early 2009
7.7. Estimates for historical global hybrid car sales in units by territory with % of whole
7.8. Prius US sales in number and percent of US hybrid market
7.9. Hybrid vehicle sales by manufacturer 2000-2006
7.10. Reported hybrid vehicle sales in the USA as a percentage of total new light vehicle sales in March 2009
7.11. Global hybrid vehicle market by country % 2007
7.12. Hybrid vehicle purchases by state in the USA in units 2007
7.13. US hybrid vehicle sales by manufacturer % 2007
7.14. Hybrid vehicle sales by model
7.15. 2006 forecast of total car sales by region 2006/2011 and 2016 in millions of units
7.16. IDTechEx projection for global hybrid car sales by territory 2009-2019 in units and %.
7.17. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally and market drivers
7.18. IDTechEx projections for global hybrid car sales units as % of total car sales
7.19. Total sales and hybrids
7.20. Global pure electric car sales 2009-2019 excluding golf cars and cumulative number of new models since 2000
7.21. Global pure EV golf car sales 2009-2019
8.1. Market forecasts for traction batteries for new cars in units 2010-2020
8.2. Market forecasts for traction batteries for new cars ex factory price 2010-2020
8.3. Market forecasts for traction batteries for new cars value 2010-2020
8.4. Replacement market for car traction batteries in value $ million 2010-2020
8.5. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery sales in $ billion 2010-2020
8.6. HEV battery sales by type 2000-2006
8.7. Rechargeable battery sales by type 1972-2010
8.8. Nanobattery trends including large format for hybrid vehicles

Publisher >> IDTechEx
Report Category: Utilities

Market Research Reports

Electric Vehicles Market

Russia Market Research

 

 

 

Electric Vehicle Traction Batteries 2011-2021

Electric Vehicle Traction Batteries Market

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$3995

This comprehensive report has detailed assessments and forecasts for all the sectors using and likely to use traction batteries. There are chapters on heavy industrial, light industrial/commercial, mobility for the disabled, two wheel and allied, pure electric cars, hybrid cars, golf cars, military, marine and other. The profusion of pictures, diagrams and tables pulls the subject together to give an independent view of the future ten years. Unit sales, unit prices and total market value are forecast for each sector for 2011-2021. The replacement market is quantified and ten year technology trends by sector are in there too, with a view on winning and losing technologies and companies. This is the essential reference book for those who are anywhere in the hybrid and pure electric vehicle value chain. Those making materials, cells, battery sets or vehicles, researchers, legislators and market analysts will find it invaluable.

The whole picture

With vehicle traction batteries it is important to look at the whole picture and this report does it for the first time. The rapidly growing market for traction batteries will exceed $55 billion in only ten years. However that spans battery sets up to $500,000 each with great sophistication needed for military, marine and solar aircraft use. Huge numbers of low cost batteries are being used for e-bikes but even here several new technologies are appearing. The largest replacement market is for e-bikes today and the value market for replacement batteries will not be dominated by cars when these batteries last the life of the car – something likely to happen within ten years. The trends are therefore complex and that is why IDTechEx has analysed them with great care.

Vehicle manufacturers are often employing new battery technology first in their forklifts or e-bikes, not cars, yet there is huge progress with car batteries as well – indeed oversupply is probable in this sector at some stage. The mix is changing too. The second largest volume of electric vehicles being made in 2010 is mobility aids for the disabled but in ten years time it will be hybrid cars. The market for car traction batteries will be larger than the others but there will only be room for six or so winners in car batteries and other suppliers and users will need to dominate their own niches to achieve enduring growth and profits. Strategy must be decided now.

In this report, researched in 2010 and frequently updated, we analyze the successes, the needs, the statistics and the market potential for traction batteries for all the major applications. This has never been done before. It is important to look at the whole picture because traction battery manufacturers typically sell horizontally across many applications and electric vehicle manufacturers increasingly make versions for many applications – heavy industrial, on road, leisure and so on. Indeed, the smarter putative suppliers will choose the sectors that best leverage their strengths rather than join the herd and be obliterated by corporations of up to $100 billion in size enjoying prodigious government support.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1. Market 2011-2021
1.2. Replacement business
1.3. Price war
1.4. Massive investments
1.5. Largest sectors
1.6. Market for EV components
1.7. Who is winning in lithium-ion traction batteries – and why
1.7.1. The needs have radically changed
1.7.2. It started with cobalt
1.7.3. Great variety of recipes
1.7.4. Other factors
1.7.5. Check with reality
1.7.6. Lithium winners today and soon
1.7.7. Reasons for winning
1.7.8. Winner will be Toyota?
1.7.9. Lithium polymer electrolyte now important
1.7.10. Genuinely Solid State Traction Batteries
1.7.11. Winning chemistry
1.7.12. Titanate establishes a place
1.7.13. Laminar structure
1.7.14. Niche winners
1.7.15. Fluid situation
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1. Definitions, scope, history
2.2. The EV value chain
2.3. Pure electric vs hybrid vehicles
2.4. Battery cells, modules, packs
2.5. Construction of battery packs
2.5.1. Changing factors
2.5.2. NiMH vs lithium
2.5.3. Replacement traction battery pack market 2011-2021
2.5.4. Plug in hybrids take over from mild hybrids
2.6. Pure electric and hybrid converge
2.6.1. Two options converge
2.7. Fuel cells
2.8. The ideal car traction battery pack
2.9. Traction batteries today
2.10. First generation lithium traction batteries
2.11. Second generation lithium traction batteries
2.12. The future
2.12.1. Third generation lithium traction batteries
2.12.2. Trends in energy storage vs battery pack voltage
2.12.3. Companies wishing to make the new batteries
2.13. How to improve lithium traction batteries
2.13.1. Basic needs
2.13.2. Life
2.13.3. Safety
2.14. USA and Europe play catch up
2.15. Technological leapfrog
2.16. Academic research and small companies
2.17. Industrial leverage
2.17.1. Major funding can have strange impacts
2.17.2. Rapid profits for some
2.17.3. Impediments
2.18. Benefits of EVs
2.19. Traction battery design considerations
2.20. Future evolution of hybrids and pure electric cars
2.20.1. Specification changes
2.20.2. Move to high voltage
2.20.3. Battery performance over time – battery life
2.20.4. Battery state of charge
2.20.5. Depth of discharge affects life
2.20.6. Capacity rating
2.20.7. Daily depth of discharge
2.20.8. Charging and discharging rates
2.21. Requirements – hybrids vs pure electric
2.21.1. Plug in requirements align with pure electric cars
2.21.2. Hybrids need power and pure electrics need capacity – for now
2.21.3. Parallel hybrids differ
2.21.4. Plug in hybrids try to be the best of both worlds
2.21.5. Watt hours per mile
2.21.6. Charging rates
2.21.7. Custom packaging
2.22. Fast charging batteries and infrastructure
3. PROGRESS WITH NEW GENERATION LITHIUM TRACTION BATTERIES
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Lithium manganese
3.3. Lithium iron phosphate
3.4. Lithium air and lithium metal
3.5. Lithium sulfur
3.5.1. Other challenges
4. HEAVY INDUSTRIAL EVS
4.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
4.1.1. GE USA
4.1.2. East Penn Manufacturing Corporation USA
4.1.3. Furukawa Battery Japan
4.1.4. Nissan lithium forklift Japan
4.1.5. Balqon lithium heavy duty vehicles USA
4.2. Listing of manufacturers
4.3. Market size
4.4. Heavy industrial traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
5. LIGHT INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL EVS
5.1.1. Sub categories
5.1.2. Buses
5.2. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
5.2.1. A123 Systems
5.2.2. Axeon UK
5.2.3. Eaton Corporation USA
5.2.4. KD Advanced Battery Group Dow USA Kokam Korea
5.2.5. Lithium Technology Corporation/GAIA USA
5.2.6. MAGNA STEYR AG & Co KG Austria
5.2.7. Valence Technologies USA
5.2.8. Lishen Power Battery China
5.3. Market drivers
5.3.1. Governments get involved
5.4. Importance of batteries and power trains
5.4.1. Freightliner and Enova
5.4.2. China Vehicles Company
5.4.3. Ford Transit
5.5. EVs for local services
5.6. Airport EVs
5.7. Small people-movers
5.8. Light industrial aids
5.8.1. Heavy duty on-road trucks become hybrids
5.9. Listing of manufacturers
5.10. Light industrial / commercial traction battery market forecasts 2011-2021
6. MOBILITY FOR THE DISABLED
6.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
6.2. The sector with the most compelling and enduring need
6.3. Laws make mobility easier
6.4. Interchina Industry Group China
6.5. Market drivers
6.5.1. Geographical distribution
6.5.2. Zhejiang R&P Industry China
6.6. Listing of manufacturers
6.7. Mobility aid traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
6.7.1. Growth by creating new markets
7. TWO WHEELED EVS AND ALLIED VEHICLES
7.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
7.1.1. PowerGenix USA
7.1.2. ReVolt Technologies Ltd Switzerland
7.1.3. Toshiba Japan
7.1.4. Advanced Battery Technologies (ABAT) China
7.2. Batteries and specifications for two wheelers
7.2.1. Electric two wheelers prices and performance
7.2.2. Yamaha lithium Japan
7.2.3. Eko Vehicles lead acid scooters India
7.2.4. Honda lithium motorcycle Japan
7.2.5. Peugeot lithium scooter France
7.3. Hybrid motorcycles
7.3.1. YikeBike lithium New Zealand
7.4. The big winners in western markets
7.5. Listing of manufacturers
7.5.1. 70 examples of manufacturers
7.5.2. China
7.6. Two wheeled and allied traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
8. GOLF EVS
8.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
8.1.1. Change of leader? Ingersoll Rand and Textron USA
8.1.2. Suzhou Eagle and many others in China
8.2. Listing of manufacturers
8.3. Golf car and caddy traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
9. CARS
9.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
9.1.1. Automotive Energy Supply Japan
9.1.2. Panasonic EV Energy, Sanyo Japan
9.1.3. Blue Energy, Lithium Energy Japan – GS Yuasa Japan with Honda, Mitsubishi
9.1.4. Bollor France
9.1.5. Boston Power
9.1.6. BYD China
9.1.7. China BAK in China
9.1.8. Coda Battery Systems, Yardney USA, Tianjin Lishen China
9.1.9. Continental Germany and ENAX Japan
9.1.10. Ener 1/ Enerdel
9.1.11. Envia Systems USA
9.1.12. Hitachi Japan
9.1.13. IBM and National laboratories USA
9.1.14. Inci Holding Turkey
9.1.15. LG Chem Korea with Compact Power
9.1.16. LiFeBATT Taiwan
9.1.17. Li-Tec Evonik Industries Germany and Daimler
9.1.18. Mitsubishi Japan with Sumitomo Japan
9.1.19. Next Alternative Germany, Micro Bubble Technology Korea
9.1.20. Planar Energy Devices USA
9.1.21. Sakti3 USA and General Motors USA
9.1.22. SB LiMotive Co. Ltd – Samsung Korea with Bosch Germany
9.1.23. Sony Japan
9.1.24. Superlattice Power USA
9.2. Rapid increase in number of manufacturers
9.2.1. Examples of manufacturers
9.2.2. Recharging points
9.2.3. Battery changing points
9.2.4. Can the grid cope?
9.3. Car traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
9.3.1. Total car traction battery market value 2011 to 2021
9.3.2. Battery pack market by car type 2010-2020
9.3.3. Hybrid battery prices
9.3.4. Replacement car traction battery pack market 2010-2020
10. PURE ELECTRIC CARS
10.1. Electricity solely for traction
10.2. Examples of pure EV cars
10.2.1. Nissan Leaf lithium Japan, UK, USA
10.2.2. Here come the Chinese – BYD, Brilliance, Geely, Chengfang
10.2.3. Jianghsu lead acid China
10.2.4. High performance pure lithium EVs – Tesla USA
10.2.5. Lightning lithium UK
10.2.6. Subaru Stella lithium Japan
10.2.7. REVA lead acid or lithium India
10.2.8. Club Car lead acid USA
10.2.9. Tara Tiny lead acid India
10.2.10. Mitsubishi iMiEV lithium Japan
10.2.11. Renault Nissan lithium France
11. HYBRID CARS
11.1. Construction and advantages of hybrids
11.1.1. Evolution
11.1.2. Frazer Nash Namir lithium UK
11.1.3. Chevrolet Volt lithium USA
11.1.4. Toyota Prius NiMH, lithium Japan
11.1.5. Fisker Karma lithium USA
12. MILITARY
12.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
12.1.1. ABSL UK
12.1.2. Altair Nanotechnologies (Altairnano) USA
12.1.3. Electrovaya Canada
12.1.4. Hummer
12.1.5. Chrysler
12.1.6. Saft France, Johnson Controls USA
12.2. Examples of military EVs
12.2.1. Manned land vehicles.
12.2.2. Hummer lithium USA / China
12.2.3. Quantum Technologies lithium USA
12.2.4. US Army trucks etc – ZAP, Columbia ParCar USA
12.2.5. Oshkosh Truck Corp USA
12.2.6. Plug-in trucks – BAE Systems UK
12.2.7. Electric robot vehicles USA
12.3. In the air
12.3.1. Disposable surveillance aircraft
12.3.2. DARPA insects USA
12.3.3. COM-BAT lithium robot bat USA
12.3.4. Aerovironment electric aircraft USA
12.4. Examples of military EVs – in the water
12.4.1. Robot lithium jellyfish USA and Germany
12.5. Manufacturers of military EVs
12.6. Military traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
13. MARINE
13.1. Examples of battery suppliers to this sector
13.1.1. Gavia Iceland
13.1.2. PolyPlus Battery USA
13.1.3. ThunderPower USA
13.2. Market segments
13.2.1. Total market
13.2.2. Underwater
13.2.3. On the water
13.3. Commonality with land EVs
13.4. Market drivers
13.4.1. Pollution laws back electric boats
13.5. Energy harvesting superyacht UK
13.5.1. Cleaner yachts – Valence, Bnteau
13.6. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs)
13.6.1. Swimmers
13.7. Leisure and tourist submarines USA
13.8. Manufacturers by country and product
13.8.1. Examples of companies making electric water craft
13.9. Marine traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
13.9.1. Surface and subsurface boat markets
13.9.2. AUV
14. OTHER EVS
14.1. Market drivers
14.2. Listing of manufacturers by country and product
14.3. Companies in the mobile robot and leisure sector
14.4. Electric aircraft for civil use
14.4.1. Sion Power USA – Aircraft batteries
14.4.2. Aircraft – Renault, Piccard
14.5. Other traction battery market forecasts 2011 to 2021
APPENDIX 1: GLOSSARY
APPENDIX 2: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY
TABLES
1.1. Numbers of vehicle traction batteries, in thousands, sold globally in new vehicles, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector.
1.2. Ex factory unit price of traction battery packs, in thousands of US dollars, sold globally, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector
1.3. Global market value of traction battery packs, in millions of US dollars, sold globally, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.4. Replacement market for traction battery packs in value $ million 2011 to 2021
1.5. Traction battery technologies in 2011, number percentage lead acid, NiMH and lithium
1.6. Traction battery technologies in 2021 number percentage lead acid, NiMH and lithium
1.7. Applicants to accelerate the manufacturing and deployment of the next generation of US batteries and electric vehicles
1.8. Main market drivers 2010-2020
1.9. Traction battery technology by applicational sector 2010 and 2020, examples of suppliers and trends
1.10. Breakdown of global market in 2010 for light industrial and commercial vehicles – global park, new vehicles, % electric, number of battery packs at one per vehicle, ex factory unit price and value for the subsections Buses, Other
1.11. Number of hybrid and pure electric cars plugged in and the total number in thousands 2010-2020
1.12. Components and subsystems fitted in new electric vehicles 2010-2020 in thousands
1.13. Highlights 2010-2020
1.14. What is on the way in or out with traction batteries
1.15. 70 vertically integrated lithium traction battery cell manufacturers, their chemistry, cell geometry and customer relationships (not necessarily orders)
2.1. Some ways to reduce the cost and increase the performance of lithium-ion car traction batteries
2.2. Improvement in cost and performance of hybrid and pure electric vehicle traction battery packs 2009-2020
2.3. Some reasons why ICE vehicles are replaced with EVs
3.1. Typical lithium iron phosphate traction battery
4.1. Twenty examples of manufacturers of heavy industrial EVs by country
4.2. Percentage split of global manufacture of heavy industrial trucks
4.3. Distribution of trade volume for heavy industrial EVs
4.4. Global league table of powered industrial truck manufacturers 2010 by value of sales
4.5. Global sales of heavy industrial battery sets at one per vehicle, by numbers, ex factory unit price and total value 2011 to 2021, rounded.
5.1. 150 manufacturers of light industrial and commercial EVs and drive trains by country and examples of their products
5.2. Global sales of light industrial and commercial vehicle traction battery sets at one per new vehicle by numbers thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded
5.3. Breakdown of global market in 2010 for light industrial and commercial vehicles – global park, new vehicles, % electric, number of battery sets at one per new vehicle, ex factory unit price and value for the subsections Full Size
6.1. The continental percentage split of markets for vehicles for the disabled by value in 2010
6.2. The percentage split of market for vehicles for the disabled by country within Europe
6.3. The numbers in thousands of scooters plus power chairs that were and will be sold in Europe 2005 to 2015
6.4. The percentage distribution of manufacture between Taiwan and Mainland China by value of vehicles for the disabled 2005, 2010 and 2015
6.5. Market for EVs for the disabled by geographical region, ex works pricing and percentage split in 2005, 2010 and 2020
6.6. 83 examples of manufacturers of EVs for the disabled by country
6.7. Global sales of traction battery sets used in mobility aids for the disabled at one set per new vehicle, by number, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars, 2011 to 2021, rounded
7.1. Prices and performance of electric two wheelers
7.2. 70 examples of manufacturers of two wheel EVs and electric quad bikes
7.3. Largest suppliers of electric bicycles by number (not in order)
7.4. 34 sources of two wheelers in China by brand, region and battery chemistry
7.5. Listing of light electric scooter makers in China. Most use lead-acid battery chemistry but there is a move to lithium-ion batteries
7.6. Global sales of two wheel and allied battery sets at one per new vehicle, number, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded
7.7. Global Replacement market for traction battery packs for two wheel vehicles in value $ million 2010-2020
8.1. 18 examples of golf EV manufacturers
8.2. Global sales of electric golf car battery sets in number at one per new vehicle, thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded.
8.3. Geographical split of golf EV sales by value 2010, 2015, 2020
9.1. BYD financials
9.2. 121 examples of manufacturers of electric cars including pictures of many Chinese electric cars
9.3. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery pack sales in $ billion 2011 to 2021
9.4. T 2 Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units, ex factory price and value 2010-2020
9.5. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million 2010-2020
11.1. Prius NiMH traction battery evolution
12.1. 26 suppliers of military EVs
12.2. Global sales of military vehicle traction battery sets at one per new vehicle in number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded.
13.1. 44 examples of manufacturers of EV electric water craft
13.2. AUV specifications, prices and market leaders
13.3. Global sales of marine craft traction battery sets at one per new vehicle, in number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded.
14.1. 30 examples of manufacturers of mobile robots, toy, leisure, research or hobbyist EVs by country and product
14.2. Global sales of other electric vehicle traction battery sets at one per new vehicle, in number thousands, ex factory unit price in thousands of dollars and total value in billions of dollars 2011 to 2021, rounded.
FIGURES
1.1. Numbers of traction battery packs for two wheelers, cars and mobility for the disabled compared in thousands, sold globally in new vehicles, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector
1.2. Numbers of traction battery packs consisting of heavy industrial, light industrial/commercial, golf car and caddy, military, marine and other compared in thousands, sold globally, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector
1.3. Ex factory unit price of traction battery packs, in thousands of US dollars, sold globally, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector
1.4. Global market value of traction battery packs, in millions of US dollars, sold globally, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.5. Here comes lithium
1.6. Market breakdown for light industrial and commercial electric vehicles in 2010 in $ billion – buses, other on road, airport GSE, other off road
1.7. Market breakdown for industrial and commercial electric vehicles in 2020 in billions of dollars – buses, other on road, off road
1.8. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars and other electric vehicles that mainly employ conventional internal combustion engines today. This shows the convergence of hybrid and pure electric technologies
1.9. Evolution of lithium traction batteries 2010-2030
1.10. Geely IG solar car
1.11. Japanese ten meter long deep sea cruising AUV, the URASHIMA
1.12. Bionic dolphin
1.13. Deepflight Merlin
1.14. Cri-Cri pure electric stunt plane new in 2010
1.15. Oshkosh truck
1.16. Approximate percentage of manufacturers offering traction batteries with less cobalt vs those offering ones with no cobalt vs those offering both. We also show the number of suppliers that offer lithium iron phosphate versions
2.1. EV sectors with the largest gross sales value and profits over the years
2.2. Electric vehicle value chain
2.3. Comparison of cells, modules and battery packs.
2.4. Possible evolution of affordable, mainstream electric cars showing the convergence of hybrid and a pure electric technologies
2.5. Nikkei forecast of lithium battery cost reduction by year at 80 yen per dollar
2.6. Cost structure of lithium cobalt batteries according to Deutsche Bank Securities
2.7. Volumetric vs gravimetric energy density of batteries used in vehicles
2.8. Traction battery pack nominal energy storage vs battery pack voltage for mild hybrids in red, plug on hybrids in blue and pure electric cars in green
2.9. Battery specification based on end of life
2.10. Car traction battery operating requirements compared
3.1. Future improvement in power and energy density
3.2. Subaru lithium ion manganese battery
3.3. Mitsubishi lithium-ion batteries for cars
3.4. Lithium air batteries
3.5. Li-S Cell Configuration
3.6. Ragone plots for different rechargeable systems
3.7. Active Materials Transformation Diagram
3.8. Prototype lithium sulfur battery by Sion Power
4.1. East Penn lead acid battery for golf cars
4.2. Furukawa Cycle-service storage battery for Golf Cars
5.1. Chevrolet Volt lithium-ion battery
5.2. Chrysler electric minivan
5.3. Smith electric vehicle
5.4. Magna Steyr traction battery pack capability
5.5. Magna Steyr energy battery for pure electric and plug in hybrid cars
5.6. Magna Steyr power battery for hybrid cars
5.7. EVI truck powered by Valence lithium-ion batteries
5.8. Lishen Power battery products
5.9. Freightliner MT-45 step van uses 120kW Enova electric drive system
5.10. Electric pick up truck from China Vehicles Company
5.11. Ford Transit pure EV
6.1. The Electric Car (INEC-KARO) for the disabled from Interchina Industry Group
6.2. Zhejiang R&P Industry ES 413
7.1. Toshiba e-bike battery
7.2. Yamaha EC-f and EC-fs concept electric scooters
7.3. Yamaha EC03
7.4. Eko Vehicles ET-120 hybrid scooter
7.5. Honda EV Cub sports twin, front and rear electric drive motors
7.6. Peugeot E-Vivacity electric scooter planned for 2010
7.7. YikeBike in action
9.1. Nissan Leaf battery
9.2. Pininfarina Bollor B0 electric car powered by Bollor lithium polymer batteries
9.3. Pininfarina Bollor Bluecar cross section showing battery
9.4. LEV electric car by Qingyuan Motors
9.5. Continental lithium ion traction battery
9.6. Safety testing of Continental lithium ion traction batteries.
9.7. Enerdel traction battery
9.8. 25Ah lithium-ion battery cell for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
9.9. LiFeBATT manufacture
9.10. IDTechEx projection for total car traction battery pack sales in $ billion 2011 to 2021
9.11. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars in units 2010-2020
9.12. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars ex factory price 2010-2020
9.13. Market forecasts for traction battery packs for new cars value in million dollars 2010-2020
9.14. Replacement market for car traction battery packs in value $ million 2010-2020
10.1. Gemcar
10.2. The planned Nissan Leaf pure electric car
10.3. Nissan leaf lithium traction batteries
10.4. The BYD E6 pure EV car
10.5. Jianghsu DHCLBC EF-1 car
10.6. Tesla Motors Roadster pure EV performance car
10.7. Tesla battery pack with coolant tubes at bottom.
10.8. The Lighting pure electric sports car
10.9. Subaru Stella pure electric vehicle
10.10. REVA pure EV car
10.11. The Club Car street legal car launched in 2009
10.12. Tara Tiny
10.13. Mitsubishi pure EV car
10.14. Mitsubishi i-MiEV
11.1. Evolution of EV design for on-road and many non-road vehicles
11.2. Frazer Nash Namir
11.3. Toyota Prius NiMH traction battery
11.4. Toyota Highlander Hybrid Battery
12.1. Altairnano view of some of the primary performance advantages of its lithium traction batteries
12.2. Hummer H3 ReEV Lithium Ion SuperPolymer battery pack made by Electrovaya.
12.3. Oshkosh truck
12.4. COM-BAT
13.1. Gavia defense AUV
13.2. Electric launch
13.3. The rigid-wing superyacht concept called ‘Soliloquy’
13.4. The British Scorpio remote controlled rescue vehicle that released the trapped Russian submarine in August 2005.
13.5. The Ocean Explorer AUV
13.6. A British Remote Controlled Mine Destruction Vehicle being lowered into the water
13.7. Deep Flight Aviator two-person leisure submarine
13.8. Seattle personal luxury submarine by US Submarines
14.1. The new Electrolux Automower

Publisher >> IDTechEx
Report Category: Battery Technology

Market Research Reports

Electric Vehicles Market

Russia Market Research

 

 

 

Electric Vehicles in East Asia 2011-2021

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The largest market and production location for electric vehicles
56% of the value of sales of electric vehicles is and will remain in East Asia and cars only account for about half of the value of the electric vehicle business worldwide. It is therefore important to look at the big picture and, in particular, the latest ten year forecasts for EV activity in East Asia. Uniquely this report provides that information. Entirely researched in 2010 and regularly updated, the report draws many valuable conclusions including some that are summarised below.

China buys over 90% of the e-bikes in the world and Japan buys the most hybrid cars. Indeed the best selling electric car in the world, the Toyota Prius, sells in Japan at twice the volume taken by the whole of the USA. All this will have changed by 2021 because China will have installed adequate charging infrastructure for pure electric and plug in hybrid cars by then and they will be more affordable. In 2021, sales of electric cars in China will have a much larger market value than the huge and growing sales of e-bikes in China. It is fortunate that the takeoff in sales of electric cars is delayed in China by lack of infrastructure and shortage of affordable electric cars with acceptable range. If Chinese people purchased a large number of plug in electric cars over the next five years it would significantly increase global warming because today, most of the power stations in China are inefficient and coal fired.

Forecasts of EV numbers, unit value and total market value 2011-2021 by vehicle type (Heavy Industrial, Light Industrial/ Commercial, Two Wheel, Mobility for Disabled, Golf Car, Car, Military, Marine, Other)
Forecasts of EV numbers and total market value 2011-2021 by country in East Asia
Detailed analysis of work in China, India, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand.

This report is for those anywhere in the EV value chain including component suppliers. It is essential reading for those in allied activity such as government regulation and support, investment and research. Even those not wishing to participate in the East Asian market will value this report because it assesses current best practice, strategy and future competition.

This essential report is full of analysis presented in tables and figures for easy assimilation. Which East Asian countries lead in which types of vehicle? Which East Asian countries file the most EV patents? How are the governments involved and what are the reasons for success and failure? Which are the most promising suppliers and what is their global strategy? Which technologies are winning? What is the scope to expand component supplies and vehicle manufacture into EVs for land, sea and air? It is all here, with a useful glossary for those unfamiliar with the jargon. This is the only up to date reference book on the largest market and production location for electric vehicles – East Asia. It comes with one hour of free consultancy to fill in any extra information you may require.

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1. Shrewd participants look beyond cars
1.2. Global reach and innovation
1.3. Forecasts
1.4. Regional market trends across the world
1.5. Regional differences within East Asia
1.6. Value of EV market by country in East Asia
1.7. East Asian market by country
1.8. Important market factors by country
1.9. Numbers of manufacturers
1.10. Profits
1.11. Intellectual property in East Asia
1.12. East Asia strengths in manufacture
2. CHINA
2.1. Introduction
2.1.1. Huge percentage of global manufacturers
2.1.2. Formidable advantages of EV manufacture in China
2.1.3. Very little charging infrastructure
2.1.4. Exhibitions giving the big picture
2.2. Heavy industrial
2.3. Light industrial, commercial
2.4. Two wheel
2.5. Mobility for disabled
2.6. Golf cars
2.7. Cars
2.7.1. Car market and grants for electric cars
2.7.2. Brilliance, Chengfeng and others
2.7.3. BYD Auto
2.7.4. Geely
2.7.5. Hafei Seibao
2.7.6. Lifan Group
2.8. Military, marine, other
2.8.1. Yuneec electric aircraft
2.8.2. Electric boats
2.8.3. Remotely operated underwater vehicles ROUVs and AUVs
3. INDIA
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Heavy industrial
3.3. Light industrial, commercial
3.3.1. Bengal Enamel
3.3.2. IC Bus, Tata, Volvo, Ashok Leyland
3.4. Two wheel and rickshaw
3.4.1. Bajaj Auto
3.4.2. Eco vehicles
3.4.3. Hero Electric
3.4.4. Ace Motors, Electrotherm, Elektrik Vehicles
3.4.5. Electric rickshaws – RUZU
3.5. Mobility vehicles for the disabled
3.6. Cars
3.6.1. Bavina Cars India
3.6.2. Mahindra Reva Electric Vehicles
3.6.3. Tata Motors
3.7. Military, marine, other
4. JAPAN
4.1. Heavy Industrial
4.1.1. Strong local demand
4.1.2. Komatsu
4.1.3. Nissan
4.1.4. Mitsubishi
4.1.5. Toyota
4.2. Light industrial, commercial
4.2.1. Hino Motors
4.2.2. Inutsuka
4.2.3. Isuzu
4.2.4. Nissan
4.2.5. Yamaha
4.3. Mobility for disabled
4.4. Two wheel
4.4.2. Honda
4.4.3. Suzuki
4.4.4. Yamaha
4.5. Golf cars
4.5.1. Yamaha
4.6. Cars
4.6.2. Toyota
4.6.3. Mitsubishi
4.6.4. Nissan
4.6.5. Bamboo car Megura
4.7. Military, marine, aircraft, other
4.7.1. Home robots
4.7.2. Long range AUV
4.7.3. Space probe IKAROS
5. SINGAPORE
5.1. Cars
5.1.1. Supporting infrastructure
5.1.2. CODA
5.2. Military
6. SOUTH KOREA
6.1. Introduction
6.1.1. Turmoil of ownership
6.1.2. Kia Motors and Daiwoo Motors change hands
6.1.3. Samsung Motors fails
6.1.4. Hyundai and Kia in the lead
6.1.5. US thrust
6.1.6. New direction in 2010-11
6.1.7. Initial focus on using NEVs in Korea
6.1.8. Mainstream pure EV cars in 2011
6.1.9. Many hybrids
6.1.10. World leader in second generation lithium traction batteries
6.1.11. Unconventional vehicle designs – Pneumatic HEV, OLEV
6.2. Heavy industrial
6.2.1. Daewoo Doosan
6.3. Light industrial and commercial
6.3.1. Hyundai
6.3.2. Ground Support Equipment
6.3.3. CT&T
6.4. Two wheelers
6.5. Mobility aids for the disabled
6.6. Golf cars
6.7. Cars
6.7.1. CT&T
6.7.2. GM Daewoo
6.7.3. Hyundai
6.7.4. Kia Motors
6.7.5. Leo Motors
6.7.6. Proto Motors
6.7.7. Samyang
6.8. Military, Marine, Aircraft and other EVs
7. TAIWAN
7.1. Two wheel
7.2. Mobility for disabled
7.3. Cars
7.3.1. Yulong Motor, Luxgen
7.4. Traction batteries and motors
7.5. Targeting USA
7.6. Targeting India
8. THAILAND
9. MARKET FORECASTS 2011-2021
APPENDIX 1: GLOSSARY
APPENDIX 2: IDTECHEX PUBLICATIONS AND CONSULTANCY
TABLES
1.1. Numbers of EVs, in thousands, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector.
1.2. Chinese cities restricting electric bikes
1.3. Ex factory unit price, in thousands of US dollars, of EVs sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.4. Ex factory value of EVs, in billions of US dollars, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.5. The main market drivers are as follows
1.6. The percentage value share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2011-2021
1.7. The East Asia EV market value by country in billions of dollars 2011-2021
1.8. Percentage numbers share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2011-2021
1.9. Market for electric vehicles by number thousands by country in East Asia 2011-2021 rounded
1.10. Important EV market factors in China, India, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan in 2011 and 2021
1.11. Approximate number of manufacturers of electric vehicles worldwide in 2010 by application with numbers for China.
2.1. 34 sources of two wheelers in China by brand, region and battery chemistry
2.2. Specifications of some two wheel electric vehicles made in China
2.3. Six golf car manufacturers in China
4.1. Japanese heavy industrial vehicle manufacturers.
4.2. Six examples of Japanese manufacturers of mobility aids for the disabled
4.3. Ten examples of Japanese manufacturers of electric two wheel vehicles
9.1. Numbers of EVs, in thousands, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector.
9.2. Ex factory unit price, in thousands of US dollars, of EVs sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
9.3. Ex factory value of EVs, in billions of US dollars, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
9.4. Main market drivers
9.5. The percentage share by country of the East Asia market by value in billions of dollars
9.6. Approximate number of manufacturers of electric vehicles worldwide in 2010 by application with numbers for China.
9.7. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
9.8. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally, market share and market drivers
FIGURES
1.1. Numbers of EVs, in thousands, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector.
1.2. Ex factory unit price, in thousands of US dollars, of EVs sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.3. Ex factory value of EVs, in billions of US dollars, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
1.4. The percentage value share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2011
1.5. The percentage value share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2021
1.6. The East Asia EV market value by country in billions of dollars 2011-2021
1.7. Percentage numbers share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2011
1.8. Percentage numbers share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2021
1.9. Market for electric vehicles by number thousands by country in East Asia 2011-2021 rounded
2.1. Number electric vehicle manufacturers in China by sector
2.2. One of the few EV charging stations in China
2.3. Electric forklift from Zheijang Goodsense Forklift
2.4. Kent electric city bus from China
2.5. Hino Blue Ribbon hybrid diesel electric bus in China
2.6. Electric bus in China
2.7. Bus by Tongkun New Energy Technologies Co. and FAW Bus and Coach Co
2.8. Electric pick up truck from China Vehicles Company
2.9. Garbage collecting electric car by Shandong Shunxing Machinery
2.10. Interchina Industry Group EEC scooter
2.11. e-bikes parked in Yangzhou China
2.12. Interchina Industry Group electric car for the disabled
2.13. Zhejiang R&P Industry pure electric vehicle for the disabled.
2.14. Tonaro golf and general purpose vehicle from China
2.15. Suzhou Eagle two and four seat golf cars from China
2.16. Yongkang Fourstar golf vehicles from China
2.17. Shadong Wuzheng golf cars from China
2.18. Jinhua Ryder golf car from China
2.19. Chinese pure electric microcars from China Fast Vehicle, China Peace Group, China Vehicles Company, CME Suzhou, EMAX Motorcycle, Guangzhou EMotor Tech, Yangcheng Spring Trading, Zhangjiagang Alhadid Electric Vehicle, Zheijiang Pin
2.20. Brilliance electric car with sliding doors
2.21. Chengfeng electric car
2.22. The BYD E6 pure EV car
2.23. BYD e6 car in use as a taxi.
2.24. BYD Auto F3DM hybrid car
2.25. Geely IG Hybrid Car
2.26. Lifan SUV
2.27. Yuneec e430 electric aircraft
2.28. Sunwat China Industry Ltd electric boat powered by 500W motor driven by two 196Ah 12V lead acid batteries
3.1. Tara pure electric Shuttle
3.2. Tara Tiny
3.3. Tata hybrid bus in 2010
3.4. HYBUS hybrid bus by Ashok Leyland
3.5. MotoCzysz electric motorcycle
3.6. Shrike
3.7. Hero Ultra electric scooter
3.8. Hero Esprint electric scooter
3.9. Hero e-bike
3.10. Electrotherm electric YO Bike
3.11. E-bike by Elektrik Vehicles Mumbai
3.12. Solar powered electric rickshaw
3.13. MASS electric wheelchair
3.14. Mahindra Reva ceremony
3.15. REVA pure electric car
3.16. Mahindra hybrid Scorpio “Pik Up”
3.17. Mahindra MaXXimo
3.18. Electric Tata Nano
3.19. The Bladon Jets microturbine range extender is the size of two cans of beans
3.20. Indian AUV-150
4.1. Komatsu electric forklift
4.2. Nissan compact li-ion battery forklift
4.3. Mitsubishi hybrid outdoor forklift
4.4. Toyota Material Handling has launched the new Traigo 48 in 2010, a powerful electric forklift fitted into a compact and agile package.
4.5. Hino hybrid bus
4.6. Hino “no plug in” bus.
4.7. Isuzu hybrid bus
4.8. Tamaha Medicar
4.9. Mobility scooter in use in Tokyo
4.10. Honda has been a great innovator with two wheeled vehicles. The Honda EV Cub scooter has a lithium-ion battery for example. Honda EV Cub sports twin, front and rear electric drive motors.
4.11. Suzuki Burgman Fuel Cell Scooter powered by Intelligent Energy
4.12. Yamaha EC-f and EC-fs concept electric scooters
4.13. Yamaha EC03
4.14. Yamaha golf car
4.15. Tokyo Taxis battery swapping facility
4.16. Some of the Japanese hybrid and pure electric cars 2007-2012
4.17. Planned Toyota pure electric city car.
4.18. Mitsubishi i-MiEV
4.19. Mitsubishi MiEV pure EV car
4.20. In wheel system of Mitsubishi
4.21. Nissan Leaf
4.22. Nissan Leaf instruments
4.23. GE scientist Matt Nielsen in the Smart Grid
4.24. Megura electric car
4.25. Sanyo home robot
4.26. URASHIMA
4.27. URASHIMA mission profile
4.28. Specification for JAMSTEC long range AUV
4.29. IKAROS
5.1. Bronco
6.1. The e-Zone Low Speed Electric Vehicle
6.2. Charging station in Korea
6.3. Mitsubishi Fuso hybrid truck that uses the South Korean SK Energy lithium-ion battery
6.4. OLEV car
6.5. Daewoo Doosan electric forklifts
6.6. Electric Forklift Truck SBR-16
6.7. Hyundai hybrid bus
6.8. Scooter made in South Korea by Ecocar
6.9. Xero scooter
6.10. Mobility scooter for disabled made in Korea
6.11. CT&T pure electric car
6.12. Interior of CT&T pure electric car
6.13. T3 Motion car
6.14. CT&T Personal Stand Up Vehicle
6.15. 2011 Hyundai Sonata Hybrid
6.16. Hyundai Elantra Hybrid
6.17. Blue-Will Plug-in Hybrid Concept
6.18. Kia Forte LPI hybrid electric vehicle
6.19. Forte LPG hybrid
6.20. Kia Ray plug in hybrid concept car
6.21. E-Princesa electric taxis
6.22. Kongsberg HUGIN swimmer AUV on Republic of Korea Navy ship
6.23. Kongsberg’s Hugin 1000 portable AUV
6.24. Robot wedding in Korea
7.1. Mobility scooters made in Taiwan
7.2. Tobe M’car. (CNA)
7.3. Luxgen electric car
8.1. Clean Fuel Energy Enterprise Co., Ltd. cars and buses
8.2. Electric Boats Thailand advertisement
9.1. Numbers of EVs, in thousands, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector.
9.2. Ex factory unit price, in thousands of US dollars, of EVs sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
9.3. Ex factory value of EVs, in billions of US dollars, sold in East Asia, 2011 to 2021, by applicational sector, rounded
9.4. The percentage value share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2011
9.5. The percentage value share by country of the East Asian electric vehicle market 2021
9.6. Geographical distribution of 120 companies making or intending to make electric cars
9.7. Number of manufacturers of electric vehicles in China by application in 2010
9.8. Rough count of new models of hybrid car from 2009-2013
9.9. The dominant countries launching hybrid models from 2009-2013
9.10. Toyota Prius Sales by region 1997-2008 in thousands of units
9.11. Number sold by market leader Toyota of all hybrids globally

Publisher >> IDTechEx
Report Category: Utilities

Market Research Reports

Electric Vehicles Market

Russia Market Research