lug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), including cars, buses, and trains, are being developed around the world, with much work aiming to optimize engine and battery for efficient operation, both during discharge and when grid electricity is available for recharging. The general expectation has been that an established electric infrastructure will not be greatly affected by the increased use of EVs because the recharging will occur during off-peak hours, or the number of vehicles will grow slowly enough so that capacity planning will respond adequately. Nonetheless, the combination of high oil costs, concerns about oil security and availability, and air quality issues related to vehicle emissions are driving interest in EVs. But despite increased demand, many nations remain ill-equipped with a sustainable EV infrastructure to support the continued use of the vehicles. This report will uncover the burgeoning global market of EV infrastructure manufacturing, including the production of rechargeable batteries, electric smart grid adaptation software and technologies, centralized charging and refueling stations, at-home charge points, and battery swapping stations.
Chapter 1: Executive Summary
EV Manufacturing Stalls
Manufacturers Favor Lithium-ion Battery Chemistry
Growth Trends of EV Ownership
Figure 1-1: CAGR Rates of Alternative Fuel Consumption in the U.S., 2004 to 2009
Table 1-1: Number of U.S. Fueling Stations by Alternative Fuel Type, 2004 to 2009
Europe Plans EV Infrastructure Overhaul
Europe’s Plug-in Infrastructure
Asia Attracts Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturers
EV Infrastructure Manufacturing Global Market Value
Figure 1-2: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Market Drivers
The Global Market Trend
Table 1-2: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing (not including Rechargeable Batteries), 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ millions)
Smart Grid Market Size
Figure 1-3: Smart Grid Market Size (in $ billions)
Accommodating Electric Vehicles
Table 1-3: Global Market Value of Smart Grid Manufacturing, PHEV vs. Non-Vehicle Infrastructures, 2009 and 2014 (in $ billions)
Table 1-4: Global Market Value of EV Smart Grid Infrastructure Manufacturing by Type of Equipment, 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ billions)
Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Battery Market
Table 1-5: Global Market Value of Rechargeable Batteries Used for Electric Vehicles, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Countries That Manufacture Rechargeable Batteries
U.S. Manufacturing of Rechargeable Batteries for PHEVs and HEVs
Stimulus Funds Help with EV Infrastructure Development
Table 1-6: U.S. Government Funding of EV and Non-EV Infrastructure Development (in $ millions)
Battery Projects Get Government Funding
Chapter 2: Introduction and Overview
Report Scope
Methodology
Terminology
Electric Vehicle Infrastructure
Electric Vehicle
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
Series vs. Parallel PHEVs
Rechargeable Batteries
Hybrid Electric Vehicle Batteries
Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries (Ni-MH)
Lithium-ion Batteries
Large Scale Batteries
Lead-acid Batteries
Sodium-based Batteries
Advanced Battery Technology for the PHEV
Hybrid Electric Vehicle Industry
Figure 2-1: U.S. Hybrid Vehicle Sales, 2004 to 2009 (in thousands)
Environmental Impact of HEVs
Charging Stations
Table 2-1: Planned Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles
Table 2-2: Number of U.S. Charging Stations, by State in 2009 (%)
Electric Vehicle Costs
The Smart Grid Defined
Internal Combustion Engine and Other Components
Chapter 3: World Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Activities
EV Manufacturing Stalls
Manufacturers Favor Lithium-ion Battery Chemistry
Table 3-1: Electric Vehicle Battery Manufacturer Activities
Adoption of Lithium-Ion for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
Panasonic EV Dominates the HEV Battery Market
Lithium-ion Battery Research Activity
Growth Trends of EV Ownership
Table 3-2: Consumption of Vehicle Fuels in the U.S., 2004 to 2009 (in thousand gallons of gasoline equivalents)
Figure 3-1: CAGR Rates of Alternative Fuel Consumption in the U.S., 2004 to 2009
Table 3-3: Consumption Forecast of Vehicle Fuels in the U.S., 2010 to 2014 (thousand gallon gasoline equivalents)
Table 3-4: Projected Number of Alternative Fuel Vehicles in the U.S., by Fuel Type, 2009 to 2014
Table 3-5: Pure Plug-in Electric Vehicle Use in the U.S., by Type of User Group, 2009 vs. 2014
Table 3-6: Pure Plug-in Electric Vehicle Types in the U.S., 2009 vs. 2014
Table 3-7: Pure Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Use, by State, 2009 and 2014
Figure 3-2: Share of Alternative Fuel Vehicles in Use Among Top States, by Fuel Type, 2009
Table 3-8: Consumption of Electricity for Electric Vehicles in Use, by Leading States, 2009 (in thousands of gallons of gasoline equivalents)
Table 3-9: Number of U.S. Fueling Stations, by Alternative Fuel Type, 2004 to 2009
Table 3-10: Forecast of Alternative Vehicle Fueling Stations, by Fuel Type, 2009 vs. 2014
Table 3-11: Alternative Fueling Stations, by Fuel Type and State, 2009
Figure 3-3: California’s Total Alternative Fueling Stations, by Type of Fuel
Europe Plans EV Infrastructure Overhaul
Hybrid Bus System Deployment
Europe’s Plug-in Infrastructure
Asia Attracts Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturers
Testing of Battery Technologies in China
Chapter 4: World Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Market
Figure 4-1: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Market Drivers
Challenges to Developing an EV Infrastructure
Table 4-1: U.S. Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Figure 4-2: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing, 2009 to 2014 (in $ millions)
The Global Market Trend
Table 4-2: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing (not including Rechargeable Batteries), 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Table 4-3: Global Market Value of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing (not including Rechargeable Batteries), 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ millions)
Figure 4-3: Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing 5-Year CAGR Rate Ending 2009 and 2014
Figure 4-4: Global Shares of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing Sales from Asian-based Companies, 2004, 2009 and 2014
Figure 4-5: Global Shares of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing Sales from European-based Companies, 2004, 2009 and 2014
Figure 4-6: Global Shares of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing Sales from North American Companies, 2004, 2009 and 2014
Figure 4-7: Share of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing Sales Among European Countries, 2004, 2009 and 2014
Figure 4-8: Shares of Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing Sales Among North American Countries, 2004, 2009 and 2014
Smart Grid Market Size
Figure 4-9: Smart Grid Market Size (in $ billions)
Accommodating Electric Vehicles
Table 4-4: Global Market Value of Smart Grid Manufacturing, PHEV vs. Non-Vehicle Infrastructures, 2009 and 2014 (in $ billions)
Table 4-5: Global Market Value of EV Infrastructure Segments, 2009 and 2014 (in $ billions)
Table 4-6: Global Market Value of EV Smart Grid Infrastructure, 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ billions)
Table 4-7: Global Market Value of EV Smart Grid Infrastructure Manufacturing by Type of Equipment, 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ billions)
Figure 4-10: Share of Market Value of EV Infrastructure Charging Equipment Components, 2009 vs. 2014
Table 4-8: Global Market Value of EV Smart Grid Manufacturing, by Region, 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ billions)
Figure 4-11: Share of Global Market Value of EV Smart Grid Adaptation Technologies, 2009 vs. 2014
Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Battery Market
Table 4-9: Global Market Value of Rechargeable Batteries Used for Electric Vehicles, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Table 4-10: Global Market Value of Lithium-Ion Batteries Used for Electric Vehicles, by Region, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Table 4-11: Global Market Value of Lithium-Ion Batteries Used for Electric Vehicles, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Table 4-12: Global Market Value of Rechargeable Batteries for Electric Vehicles, 2009 vs. 2014 (in $ millions)
Figure 4-12: Lithium-ion Battery Manufacturing 5-Year CAGR Growth Ending 2009 and 2014
Table 4-13: Lithium-ion and Ni-MH Rechargeable Battery Market Value, by Region 2004 to 2009 (% of total Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Market Value)
Countries That Manufacture Rechargeable Batteries
U.S. Manufacturing of Rechargeable Batteries for PHEVs and HEVs
The Dominance of Lithium-Ion Imports for the U.S. Market
Table 4-14: U.S. Imports of Electric Vehicle Motors and Batteries, 2004 vs. 2009 (in $ thousands)
Figure 4-13: U.S. Shipments and Imports of Storage Batteries for Electric Vehicles as a Percent of the Total U.S. Market Value, 2004 to 2009
Dominant U.S. Exporting Battery Producing Countries
Figure 4-14: Countries Exporting Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Batteries into the U.S., 2009
Battery Manufacturing Costs
Figure 4-15: Electric Vehicle Battery Manufacturers Market Share, 2009
Table 4-15: North American Shipments of Ni-MH and Lithium-ion Batteries, 2004 to 2009 (in $ millions)
Table 4-16: North American Shipments of Ni-MH and Lithium-ion Batteries, 2009 to 2014 (in $ millions)
Figure 4-16: North American Shipments of Ni-MH and Li-Ion Batteries Total Market and PHEV Market, 2009 to 2014 (in $ millions)
Figure 4-17: U.S. Producer Price Index of Battery Manufacturing, Jan 2008 to Sept. 2009
Metal Prices
Figure 4-18: Prices of Metals Used in Battery Manufacturing in the U.S., Indexed to 2000
Figure 4-19: Rechargeable Battery Market Share by Battery Type, 2014
Infrastructure Spending Heats Up Globally
Chapter 5: Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturer Profiles………
Johnson Controls
Overview
Performance
Research & Development
Product Portfolio
Significant Developments
Exide Technologies
Overview
Performance
Table 5-1: Exide Technologies World Battery Revenue by Segment, 2005 to 2009 (in $millions)
Research & Development
Significant Developments
Coulomb Technologies
Overview
Products
Significant developments
Ecotality
Overview
Performance
Significant developments
Aerovironment
Overview
Performance and Products
Better Place
Overview
Performance and Progress
Chapter 6: Research and Developments in Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Manufacturing
Stimulus Funds Help with EV Infrastructure Development
Table 6-1: U.S. Government Funding of EV and Non-EV Infrastructure Development (in $ millions)
Battery Projects Get Government Funding
Table 6-2: Electric Vehicles Planned for Release, 2009 to 2016
Important Recent Milestones for EV Infrastructure
Smart Grid Research
R&D on Smart Grid Infrastructure
Better Place Envisions EV Infrastructure Future
Battery Switching Stations Proposed
Intelligent Charging Stations Coming to Europe
ChargePoint Network Enables Individual Charging Control
Britain Deploys Smart Grid Monitoring System
Government Funded Battery Research
Emerging Lithium Battery Technologies
Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathodes
Electricity Generation
PHEV Battery Manufacturing in Asia
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